US Open Men's Singles Champions | ||
---|---|---|
Official web | ||
Location | Queens – New York City United States |
|
Venue | USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center | |
Governing Body | USTA | |
Created | 1881 (established) Open Era: 1968 (42 editions) |
|
Surface | Grass (1881–1974) HarTru (1975–1977) DecoTurf (1978–Present) |
|
Prize Money | US$1,600,000 (2009) | |
Trophy | US Open Trophy | |
Most Amateur Era Titles |
7: Richard Sears William Larned (challenge round) 7: Bill Tilden (regular) |
|
Most Open Era Titles |
5: Jimmy Connors Pete Sampras Roger Federer |
|
Most Consecutive Titles Amateur Era |
7: Richard Sears (challenge round) 6: Bill Tilden (regular) |
|
Most Consecutive Titles Open Era |
5: Roger Federer | |
Current Champion | Juan Martín del Potro (First title) |
The US Open[a][b] is an annual tennis tournament created in 1881 and played on outdoor hard courts[c] at the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in Flushing Meadows – Corona Park, New York City, United States.[1][2]
The US Open is played during a two-week period in late August and early September, and has been chronologically the last of the four Grand Slam tournaments of the tennis season since 1987.[3] Newport (1881–1914), Forest Hills (1915–1920, 1924–1977), and Philadelphia (1921–1923) held the event before it settled in 1978 at the USTA National Tennis Center, now the USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center, in New York City.[4] The inaugural tournament, in 1881, was reserved for United States National Lawn Tennis Association (USNLTA) club members, before the championships opened to international competitors in 1882.[2] The USTA is the national body that organizes this event.
The men's singles' rules have undergone several changes since the first edition. From 1884 to 1911, the event started with a knockout phase, the All-Comers singles, whose winner faced the defending champion in a challenge round. The All-Comers winner was awarded the title six times (1888, 1893, 1898, 1901, 1904, 1907) in the absence of the previous year's champion. The challenge round system was abolished with the 1912 edition.[5] Since 1881, all matches but the All-Comers final and the challenge round were played as the best-of-three sets, before the event switched to best-of-five for all rounds in 1886. Best-two-out-of-three-sets matches were reintroduced for early rounds in 1917, from 1943 to 1945, and from 1975 to 1978.[5] Before 1884, the winner of the next game at five-games–all took the set in every match except the All-Comers final and the challenge round, which were won by the player who had at least six games and at least two games more than his opponent. This advantage format was introduced for the final sets of early rounds in 1884, and used for all sets in all rounds from 1887 to 1969.[5] The tie-break system was introduced in 1970 for all sets, in its best-of-nine points sudden death version until 1974, and in its best-of-12 points lingering death version since 1975.[5][6][7] In addition, the US Open is the only slam to have a fifth set tie-break, which has never occurred in the final since the tie-break was instituted.[8]
The court surface changed twice, from grass (1881–1974), to Har-Tru clay (1975–1977), to hard courts, since 1978.[9] The only man to win on all three surfaces, which are grass, Har-Tru clay, and DecoTurf was Jimmy Connors.
The champion receives a full-size replica of the event's trophy engraved with his name.[10] In 2009, the winner received prize money of US$1,600,000.[11] A bonus pool of $1,000,000 is also to US Open champions who have clinched the first place of the US Open Series.[12]
In the U.S. National Championships, Richard Sears (1881–1887), William Larned (1901–1902, 1907–1911) and Bill Tilden (1920–1925, 1929) hold the record for most titles in the men's singles, with seven victories each. Four of Sears' wins and all of Larned's, came within the challenge round format, and they won respectively only thrice and twice after going through a complete draw. Sears also holds the all-time record for most consecutive titles, with seven from (1881 to 1887); the first win came when the event was closed to foreign participants. Without the challenge round, the record stands at six, and is held by Tilden (1920–1925).[3]
During the US Open, since the inclusion of the professional tennis players, Jimmy Connors (1974, 1976, 1978, 1982–1983), Pete Sampras (1990, 1993, 1995–1996, 2002), and Roger Federer (2004–2008) have won the most championships, with five titles. Federer has had the most consecutive wins, with five (2004–2008).[3]
This event has never been won in straight sets during the Open Era of tennis.
Contents |
Regular competition |
USNLTA clubs members only event * |
All Comers' winner, Challenge round winner ‡ |
Defending champion, Challenge round winner † |
All Comers' winner, no Challenge round ◊ |
|
|
Year[d] | Country | Champion | Country | Runner-up | Score in the final[3][4] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1881 | USA | Richard Sears * | USA | William Glyn | 6–0, 6–3, 6–2 |
1882 | USA | Richard Sears | USA | Clarence Clark | 6–1, 6–4, 6–0 |
1883 | USA | Richard Sears | USA | James Dwight | 6–2, 6–0, 9–7 |
1884 | USA | Richard Sears † | USA | Howard Taylor | 6–0, 1–6, 6–0, 6–2 |
1885 | USA | Richard Sears † | USA | Godfrey Brinley | 6–3, 4–6, 6–0, 6–3 |
1886 | USA | Richard Sears † | USA | Robert Livingston Beeckman | 4–6, 6–1, 6–3, 6–4 |
1887 | USA | Richard Sears † | USA | Henry Slocum | 6–1, 6–3, 6–2 |
1888 | USA | Henry Slocum ◊ | USA | Howard Taylor | 6–4, 6–1, 6–0 |
1889 | USA | Henry Slocum † | USA | Quincy Shaw | 6–3, 6–1, 4–6, 6–2 |
1890 | USA | Oliver Campbell ‡ | USA | Henry Slocum | 6–2, 4–6, 6–3, 6–1 |
1891 | USA | Oliver Campbell † | USA | Clarence Hobart | 2–6, 7–5, 7–9, 6–1, 6–2 |
1892 | USA | Oliver Campbell † | USA | Frederick Hovey | 7–5, 3–6, 6–3, 7–5 |
1893 | USA | Robert Wrenn ◊ | USA | Frederick Hovey | 6–4, 3–6, 6–4, 6–4 |
1894 | USA | Robert Wrenn † | USA | Manliff Goodbody | 6–8, 6–1, 6–4, 6–4 |
1895 | USA | Frederick Hovey ‡ | USA | Robert Wrenn | 6–3, 6–2, 6–4 |
1896 | USA | Robert Wrenn ‡ | USA | Frederick Hovey | 7–5, 3–6, 6–0, 1–6, 6–1 |
1897 | USA | Robert Wrenn † | GBR | Wilberforce Eaves | 4–6, 8–6, 6–3, 2–6, 6–2 |
1898 | USA | Malcolm Whitman ◊ | USA | Dwight Davis | 3–6, 6–2, 6–2, 6–1 |
1899 | USA | Malcolm Whitman † | USA | Jahial Parmly Paret | 6–1, 6–2, 3–6, 7–5 |
1900 | USA | Malcolm Whitman † | USA | William Larned | 6–4, 1–6, 6–2, 6–2 |
1901 | USA | William Larned ◊ | USA | Beals Wright | 6–2, 6–8, 6–4, 6–4 |
1902 | USA | William Larned † | GBR | Reginald Doherty | 4–6, 6–2, 6–4, 8–6 |
1903 | GBR | Lawrence Doherty ‡ | USA | William Larned | 6–0, 6–3, 10–8 |
1904 | USA | Holcombe Ward ◊ | USA | William Clothier | 10–8, 6–4, 9–7 |
1905 | USA | Beals Wright ‡ | USA | Holcombe Ward | 6–2, 6–1, 11–9 |
1906 | USA | William Clothier ‡ | USA | Beals Wright | 6–3, 6–0, 6–4 |
1907 | USA | William Larned ◊ | USA | Robert LeRoy | 6–2, 6–2, 6–4 |
1908 | USA | William Larned † | USA | Beals Wright | 6–1, 6–2, 8–6 |
1909 | USA | William Larned † | USA | William Clothier | 6–1, 6–2, 5–7, 1–6, 6–1 |
1910 | USA | William Larned † | USA | Tom Bundy | 6–1, 5–7, 6–0, 6–8, 6–1 |
1911 | USA | William Larned † | USA | Maurice McLoughlin | 6–4, 6–4, 6–2 |
1912 | USA | Maurice McLoughlin | USA | Wallace Johnson | 3–6, 2–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–2 |
1913 | USA | Maurice McLoughlin | USA | Richard Norris Williams | 6–4, 5–7, 6–3, 6–1 |
1914 | USA | Richard Norris Williams | USA | Maurice McLoughlin | 6–3, 8–6, 10–8 |
1915 | USA | Bill Johnston | USA | Maurice McLoughlin | 1–6, 6–0, 7–5, 10–8 |
1916 | USA | Richard Norris Williams | USA | Bill Johnston | 4–6, 6–4, 0–6, 6–2, 6–4 |
1917 | USA | Lindley Murray[e] | USA | Nathaniel Niles | 5–7, 8–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
1918 | USA | Lindley Murray | USA | Bill Tilden | 6–3, 6–1, 7–5 |
1919 | USA | Bill Johnston | USA | Bill Tilden | 6–4, 6–4, 6–3 |
1920 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Bill Johnston | 6–1, 1–6, 7–5, 5–7, 6–3 |
1921 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Wallace Johnson | 6–1, 6–3, 6–1 |
1922 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Bill Johnston | 4–6, 3–6, 6–2, 6–3, 6–4 |
1923 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Bill Johnston | 6–4, 6–1, 6–4 |
1924 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Bill Johnston | 6–1, 9–7, 6–2 |
1925 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Bill Johnston | 4–6, 11–9, 6–3, 4–6, 6–3 |
1926 | FRA | René Lacoste | FRA | Jean Borotra | 6–4, 6–0, 6–4 |
1927 | FRA | René Lacoste | USA | Bill Tilden | 11–9, 6–3, 11–9 |
1928 | FRA | Henri Cochet | USA | Francis Hunter | 4–6, 6–4, 3–6, 7–5, 6–3 |
1929 | USA | Bill Tilden | USA | Francis Hunter | 3–6, 6–3, 4–6, 6–2, 6–4 |
1930 | USA | John Doeg | USA | Francis Shields | 10–8, 1–6, 6–4, 16–14 |
1931 | USA | Ellsworth Vines | USA | George Lott | 7–9, 6–3, 9–7, 7–5 |
1932 | USA | Ellsworth Vines | FRA | Henri Cochet | 6–4, 6–4, 6–4 |
1933 | GBR | Fred Perry | AUS | Jack Crawford | 6–3, 11–13, 4–6, 6–0, 6–1 |
1934 | GBR | Fred Perry | USA | Wilmer Allison | 6–4, 6–3, 3-6, 1–6, 8–6 |
1935 | USA | Wilmer Allison | USA | Sidney Wood | 6–2, 6–2, 6–3 |
1936 | GBR | Fred Perry | USA | Don Budge | 2–6, 6–2, 8–6, 1–6, 10–8 |
1937 | USA | Don Budge | GER | Gottfried von Cramm | 6–1, 7–9, 6–1, 3–6, 6–1 |
1938 | USA | Don Budge | USA | Gene Mako | 6–3, 6–8, 6–2, 6–1 |
1939 | USA | Bobby Riggs | USA | Welby Van Horn | 6–4, 6–2, 6–4 |
1940 | USA | Don McNeill | USA | Bobby Riggs | 4–6, 6–8, 6–3, 6–3, 7–5 |
1941 | USA | Bobby Riggs | USA | Frank Kovacs | 5–7, 6–1, 6–3, 6–3 |
1942 | USA | Ted Schroeder | USA | Frank Parker | 8–6, 7–5, 3–6, 4–6, 6–2 |
1943 | USA | Joseph Hunt | USA | Jack Kramer | 6–3, 6–8, 10–8, 6–0 |
1944 | USA | Frank Parker | USA | Bill Talbert | 6–4, 3–6, 6–3, 6–3 |
1945 | USA | Frank Parker | USA | Bill Talbert | 14–12, 6–1, 6–2 |
1946 | USA | Jack Kramer | USA | Tom Brown | 9–7, 6–3, 6–0 |
1947 | USA | Jack Kramer | USA | Frank Parker | 4–6, 2–6, 6–1, 6–0, 6–3 |
1948 | USA | Pancho Gonzales | RSA | Eric Sturgess | 6–2, 6–3, 14–12 |
1949 | USA | Pancho Gonzales | USA | Ted Schroeder | 16–18, 2–6, 6–1, 6–2, 6–4 |
1950 | USA | Arthur Larsen | USA | Herbert Flam | 6–3, 4–6, 5–7, 6–4, 6–3 |
1951 | AUS | Frank Sedgman | USA | Vic Seixas | 6–4, 6–1, 6–1 |
1952 | AUS | Frank Sedgman | USA | Gardnar Mulloy | 6–1, 6–2, 6–3 |
1953 | USA | Tony Trabert | USA | Vic Seixas | 6–3, 6–2, 6–3 |
1954 | USA | Vic Seixas | AUS | Rex Hartwig | 3–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–4 |
1955 | USA | Tony Trabert | AUS | Ken Rosewall | 9–7, 6–3, 6–3 |
1956 | AUS | Ken Rosewall | AUS | Lew Hoad | 4–6, 6–2, 6–3, 6–3 |
1957 | AUS | Malcolm Anderson | AUS | Ashley Cooper | 10–8, 7–5, 6–4 |
1958 | AUS | Ashley Cooper | AUS | Malcolm Anderson | 6–2, 3–6, 4–6, 10–8, 8–6 |
1959 | AUS | Neale Fraser | USA | Alex Olmedo | 6–3, 5–7, 6–2, 6–4 |
1960 | AUS | Neale Fraser | AUS | Rod Laver | 6–4, 6–4, 9–7 |
1961 | AUS | Roy Emerson | AUS | Rod Laver | 7–5, 6–3, 6–2 |
1962 | AUS | Rod Laver | AUS | Roy Emerson | 6–2, 6–4, 5–7, 6–4 |
1963 | MEX | Rafael Osuna | USA | Frank Froehling | 7–5, 6–4, 6–2 |
1964 | AUS | Roy Emerson | AUS | Fred Stolle | 6–4, 6–2, 6–4 |
1965 | ESP | Manuel Santana | RSA | Cliff Drysdale | 6–2, 7–9, 7–5, 6–1 |
1966 | AUS | Fred Stolle | AUS | John Newcombe | 4–6, 12–10, 6–3, 6–4 |
1967 | AUS | John Newcombe | USA | Clark Graebner | 6-4, 6–4, 8–6 |
|
|
|
|
Year[d] | Country | Champion | Country | Runner-up | Score in the final[3][4] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1968 | USA | Arthur Ashe[b] | NED | Tom Okker | 14–12, 5–7, 6–3, 3–6, 6–3 |
1969 | AUS | Rod Laver | AUS | Tony Roche | 7–9, 6–1, 6–2, 6–2 |
1970 | AUS | Ken Rosewall | AUS | Tony Roche | 2–6, 6–4, 7–6(2), 6–3[f] |
1971 | USA | Stan Smith | TCH | Jan Kodeš | 3–6, 6–3, 6–2, 7–6(3)[f] |
1972 | ROU | Ilie Năstase | USA | Arthur Ashe | 3–6, 6–3, 6–7(1), 6–4, 6–3[f] |
1973 | AUS | John Newcombe | TCH | Jan Kodeš | 6–4, 1–6, 4–6, 6–2, 6–2 |
1974 | USA | Jimmy Connors | AUS | Ken Rosewall | 6–1, 6–0, 6–1 |
1975 | ESP | Manuel Orantes | USA | Jimmy Connors | 6–4, 6–3, 6–3 |
1976 | USA | Jimmy Connors | SWE | Björn Borg | 6–4, 3–6, 7–6(9), 6–4 |
1977 | ARG | Guillermo Vilas | USA | Jimmy Connors | 2–6, 6–3, 7–6(4), 6–0 |
1978 | USA | Jimmy Connors | SWE | Björn Borg | 6–4, 6–2, 6–2 |
1979 | USA | John McEnroe | USA | Vitas Gerulaitis | 7–5, 6–3, 6–3 |
1980 | USA | John McEnroe | SWE | Björn Borg | 7–6(4), 6–1, 6–7(5), 5–7, 6–4 |
1981 | USA | John McEnroe | SWE | Björn Borg | 4–6, 6–2, 6–4, 6–3 |
1982 | USA | Jimmy Connors | TCH | Ivan Lendl | 6–3, 6–2, 4–6, 6–4 |
1983 | USA | Jimmy Connors | TCH | Ivan Lendl | 6–3, 6–7(2), 7–5, 6–0 |
1984 | USA | John McEnroe | TCH | Ivan Lendl | 6–3, 6–4, 6–1 |
1985 | TCH | Ivan Lendl | USA | John McEnroe | 7–6(1), 6–3, 6–4 |
1986 | TCH | Ivan Lendl | TCH | Miloslav Mečíř | 6–4, 6–2, 6–0 |
1987 | TCH | Ivan Lendl | SWE | Mats Wilander | 6–7(7), 6–0, 7–6{4), 6–4 |
1988 | SWE | Mats Wilander | TCH | Ivan Lendl | 6–4, 4–6, 6–3, 5–7, 6–4 |
1989 | FRG | Boris Becker | TCH | Ivan Lendl | 7–6(2), 1–6, 6–3, 7–6(4) |
1990 | USA | Pete Sampras | USA | Andre Agassi | 6–4, 6–3, 6–2 |
1991 | SWE | Stefan Edberg | USA | Jim Courier | 6–2, 6–4, 6–0 |
1992 | SWE | Stefan Edberg | USA | Pete Sampras | 3–6, 6–4, 7–6(5), 6–2 |
1993 | USA | Pete Sampras | FRA | Cédric Pioline | 6–4, 6–4, 6–3 |
1994 | USA | Andre Agassi | GER | Michael Stich | 6–1, 7–6(5), 7–5 |
1995 | USA | Pete Sampras | USA | Andre Agassi | 6–4, 6–3, 4–6, 7–5 |
1996 | USA | Pete Sampras | USA | Michael Chang | 6–1, 6–4, 7–6(3) |
1997 | AUS | Patrick Rafter | GBR | Greg Rusedski | 6–3, 6–2, 4–6, 7–5 |
1998 | AUS | Patrick Rafter | AUS | Mark Philippoussis | 6–3, 3–6, 6–2, 6–0 |
1999 | USA | Andre Agassi | USA | Todd Martin | 6–4, 6–7(5), 6–7(2), 6–3, 6–2 |
2000 | RUS | Marat Safin | USA | Pete Sampras | 6–4, 6–3, 6–3 |
2001 | AUS | Lleyton Hewitt | USA | Pete Sampras | 7–6(4), 6–1, 6–1 |
2002 | USA | Pete Sampras | USA | Andre Agassi | 6–3, 6–4, 5–7, 6–4 |
2003 | USA | Andy Roddick | ESP | Juan Carlos Ferrero | 6–3, 7–6(2), 6–3 |
2004 | SUI | Roger Federer | AUS | Lleyton Hewitt | 6–0, 7–6(3), 6–0 |
2005 | SUI | Roger Federer | USA | Andre Agassi | 6–3, 2–6, 7–6(1), 6–1 |
2006 | SUI | Roger Federer | USA | Andy Roddick | 6–2, 4–6, 7–5, 6–1 |
2007 | SUI | Roger Federer | SRB | Novak Djokovic | 7–6(4), 7–6(2), 6–4 |
2008 | SUI | Roger Federer | GBR | Andy Murray | 6–2, 7–5, 6–2 |
2009 | ARG | Juan Martin del Potro | SUI | Roger Federer | 3–6, 7–6(5), 4–6, 7–6(4), 6–2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Event only for USNLTA club members only* |
Title defended in the challenge round |
Competed in 2009 + |
Player | Amateur Era | Open Era | All-time | Years |
---|---|---|---|---|
William Larned (USA) | 7 | 0 | 7 | 1901, 1902, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911 |
Richard Sears (USA) | 7 | 0 | 7 | 1881*, 1882, 1883, 1884, 1885, 1886, 1887 |
Bill Tilden (USA) | 7 | 0 | 7 | 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1929 |
Jimmy Connors (USA) | 0 | 5 | 5 | 1974, 1976, 1978, 1982, 1983 |
Roger Federer (SUI) + | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 |
Pete Sampras (USA) | 0 | 5 | 5 | 1990, 1993, 1995, 1996, 2002 |
John McEnroe (USA) | 0 | 4 | 4 | 1979, 1980, 1981, 1984 |
Robert Wrenn (USA) | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1893, 1894, 1896, 1897 |
Oliver Campbell (USA) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1890, 1891, 1892 |
Ivan Lendl (TCH) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1985, 1986, 1987 |
Fred Perry (GBR) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1933, 1934, 1936 |
Malcolm Whitman (USA) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1898, 1899, 1900 |
Andre Agassi (USA) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1994, 1999 |
Don Budge (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1937, 1938 |
Stefan Edberg (SWE) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1991, 1992 |
Roy Emerson (AUS) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1961, 1964 |
Neale Fraser (AUS) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1959, 1960 |
Pancho Gonzales (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1948, 1949 |
Bill Johnston (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1915, 1919 |
Jack Kramer (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1946, 1947 |
René Lacoste (FRA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1926, 1927 |
Rod Laver (AUS) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1962, 1969 |
Maurice McLoughlin (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1912, 1913 |
Lindley Murray (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1917, 1918 |
John Newcombe (AUS) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1967, 1973 |
Frank Parker (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1944, 1945 |
Patrick Rafter (AUS) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1997, 1998 |
Bobby Riggs (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1939, 1941 |
Ken Rosewall (AUS) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1956, 1970 |
Frank Sedgman (AUS) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1951, 1952 |
Henry Slocum (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1888, 1889 |
Tony Trabert (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1953, 1955 |
Ellsworth Vines (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1931, 1932 |
Richard Norris Williams (USA) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1914, 1916 |
|
|
Former country ¤ |
Country | Amateur Era | Open Era | All-time | First title | Last title |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
United States (USA) | 66 | 19 | 85 | 1881 | 2003 |
Australia (AUS) | 12 | 6 | 18 | 1951 | 2001 |
Switzerland (SUI) | 0 | 5 | 5 | 2004 | 2008 |
United Kingdom (UK/GBR)[g] | 4 | 0 | 4 | 1903 | 1936 |
Czechoslovakia (TCH) ¤[h] | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1985 | 1987 |
France (FRA) | 3 | 0 | 3 | 1926 | 1928 |
Sweden (SWE) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1988 | 1992 |
Argentina (ARG) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1977 | 2009 |
Spain (ESP) | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1965 | 1975 |
Germany (GER)[i] | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1989 | 1989 |
Mexico (MEX) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1963 | 1963 |
Romania (ROU) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1972 | 1972 |
Russia (RUS) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|